فهرست و منابع پایان نامه ماده آلی و فراهمی عنصر غذایی کم مصرف
فهرست:
فصل اول: کشاورزی ارگانیک.................................................................................................................... 1
فصل دوم: بیولوژی خاک در کشاورزی ارگانیک...................................................................................... 4
فصل سوم: تنظیم تناوب برای سیستم های ارگانیک............................................................................ 7
فصل چهارم: تغذیه گیاهی در کشاورزی ارگانیک.................................................................................. 12
1- کود حیوانی......................................................................................................................... 12
2- کود سبز.............................................................................................................................. 12
3- کودهای حاصل از ضایعات کشاورزی و زباله شهری........................................................ 13
4- مدفوع آبکی........................................................................................................................ 14
5- کمپوست............................................................................................................................. 15
6- خاکه سنگ......................................................................................................................... 17
فصل پنجم: تحرک و جابجایی عناصر کم مصرف.................................................................................. 19
1- تاثیر pH بر جذب و تحرک عناصر................................................................................... 25
2- ماده آلی خاک.................................................................................................................... 26
فصل ششم: فلز کم مصرف و ماده آلی.................................................................................................... 39
منیزیم....................................................................................................................................... 40
کادیم......................................................................................................................................... 43
سلنیم........................................................................................................................................ 46
سرب......................................................................................................................................... 47
آهن........................................................................................................................................... 50
مس........................................................................................................................................... 53
نیکل.......................................................................................................................................... 55
کرم............................................................................................................................................ 56
فلوئور......................................................................................................................................... 57
ید.............................................................................................................................................. 58
جیوه.......................................................................................................................................... 59
روی .......................................................................................................................................... 60
برم............................................................................................................................................. 61
کبالت........................................................................................................................................ 62
تکنتیوم..................................................................................................................................... 63
رنیوم.......................................................................................................................................... 63
سزیوم........................................................................................................................................ 63
لیتیم......................................................................................................................................... 64
روبیدیوم.................................................................................................................................... 64
برلیوم........................................................................................................................................ 65
آرسنیک.................................................................................................................................... 65
ژرمانیوم..................................................................................................................................... 66
هافنیوم...................................................................................................................................... 66
زیرکونیوم.................................................................................................................................. 67
نقره............................................................................................................................................ 67
طلا............................................................................................................................................ 68
آلومینیم.................................................................................................................................... 68
وانادیوم...................................................................................................................................... 68
سلیس....................................................................................................................................... 69
نتیجه گیری.............................................................................................................................................. 70
منابع.......................................................................................................................................................... 72
.
منبع:
- ملکوتی, جعفر, 1375, کشاورزی پایدار و افزایش عملکرد با بهینه سازی مصرف کود در ایران , نشر آموزش کشاورزی , کرج.
2- لامپکین , ن , 1376, کشاورزی ارگانیک ,ترجمه: کوچکی ,عوض,ع. نخ فروش و ح. ظریف کتابی, انتشارات دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد.
3- Albert, J.J, M. Takacs, & M. Pattanayek, 2000, Natural organic material from a Norwegian lake: Possible structure changes resulting from lake acidification,page:261-276
4- Allej, J.H, 2000, Woman in organic agriculture or organic agriculture for woman. In: Proceedings 13th International IFOAM Scientific conference, 2000, Alfaldi.t. Lockerets, U. Niggli.
5- Alva, A.K, Hoang B,& S. Paramasivam , 2ooo , Soil pH affect copper fraction & phytotoxicity,SSSAJ:64, Page:955-962
6- Breeman, W.Van, Effect of seasonal redox process involving iron on the chemistry of periodically reduced soils. In: Iron in soils &clay minerals, Wastachi. Y, Goodman .B.A, &V. Schwertmann , published in cooperation with NATO Scientific affairs division . Page: 797-807
7- Clarkson, D.T., 1988, The uptake & translocation of Mn by plant roots. In: manganese in soil & plant, 1984, Kluwer, Page: 101-110
8- Collins, R ., N.Merrington , Mc laughlin. M.Y. &. Morel , 2003, Organic ligands & pH effect on isotipically exchangeable in polluted soil, SSSAJ, 67:112-121
9- Darb, H, &A. Store , 2000, Impact of raw & composed manure amendments on corn & beans root rats in vegetable rotation, in: 14th IFOM organic world congress.
10- Day. K.S, Thorton .R, H. kreeft , 2000, Humic acid products for improved phosphorus fertilizer management ,in: Substances, Versatile component of plant , soil & water, Royal society chemistry , 2000, Ghabbour , E .A, & G. Davies, page: 321-326
11- Ding,G.W, Wardene . D.A , Herbert. S, Novak.Y, & B. scing, 2000 , effect of cover crop system on the characteristics of soil humic substances, in: Substances , Versatile component of plant, soil & water, Royal society chemistry , 2000, Ghabbour , E .A, & G. Davies, page: 53-62
12- Fisher, W. R, 1985, Microbiological reductions of iron in soils, in: Iron in soils &clay minerals, Wstachi. Y, Goodman . B.A, &V. Schwertmann , published in cooperation with NATO Scientific affairs division , page: 715-744
13- Flieback, A., R. Harry, D. Reentsch, R. Frie, & F. Eyborn, 2000, soil organic matter quality & soil aggregate stability in organic & conventional soil , in: Proceedings 13th International IFOAM scientific conference, 2000, Alfaldi.t, Lockerets, U. Niggli.
14- Forstner, G, Wittman .T.W, 1983, Metal pollution in the aquatic environment – second Revised, Germany.
15- Foy, C.D., B.J.Scott, & J.A. Fisher, 1988, Genetic difference in plant tolerance to Mn toxicity, in: Manganese in soil & plant,1984, Kluwer, page: 293-302
16- Ghabbour, E .A, & G. Davies , 2000, Humic Substances , Versatile
component of plant , soil& water, Royal Society chemistry.
17- Gholami., A, 2000, Arbescular mycorrhiza & availability of nutrients for field. In: 14th IFOM organic world congress .
18- Giodana, P.M., J. J . Morvedt, 1972, Agronomic effectiveness micronutrients in macronutrient fertilizers, in: Micronutrients in plant & soil, 1972, SSSAJ.
19- Graham., R.D., R.J. Hanna, & N .C. Uren, 1988, manganese in soil & plant, Kluwer, page: xi-xvii
20- Goodman, B.A, 1985, The characterizing of iron complexes with soil
organic matter, In: Iron in soils &clay minerals, Wstachi. Y, Goodman .B.A , & V.Schwertmann , published in cooperation with NATO scientific affairs division.
21- Hassain.T., G. Gilani, S. Haq, & M. Zia, 2000, Effect of Mn application on soil properties. In: Proceedings 13th International IFOAM Scientific conference, 2000, Alfaldi.t. Lockerets, U. Niggli.
22- Harter, R. D, Nadiv. R, 2ool, An assessment at environmental & solution factor impact on trace element sorption by soil, SSSAJ: 65, page: 597-612
23- Howard. M, & H.A James, 2001, Polyamine acid chelation for metal
remediation in (55)243-260
24- Kabata, A, H. Pendias, 2000, Trace element in soil & plant, CRC Press.
25- Keller, c., A. Kaycer, A. Keller, & R.Schalin, 2001, Heavy metals uptake by agriculture crops from sewage sludge treated soil of upper Swiss Rhine valley & the effect of time, page: 273-297
26- Kingery., W.L., A.J. Simpson & M.B. Hayes , 2001, Chemical structure of soil organic matter & their interaction with heavy metals, in : Heavy metals release in soil, Magdi Selim , H., D. Sparks , 2001, CRC Press, page:237-244
27- Kretzschamar., R, & A. Voeglin, 2001, Modeling competitive sorption & release of Heavy meals in soil, in: Heavy metals release in soil, Magdi Selim, H., D. Sparks, 2001, CRC Press, page: 55-86
28- Lakzian .A, Samavat .S, & G .Zamirpoor , 2ooo , the effect of vermicompost on Tomato yield, in: 14th IFOM organic world congress.
29- Laperch .V, 2001, Immobilization of lead by insitu formation of lead
Phosphate in soils, in: Environmental restoration of lead metals contaminated soil, Iskandar. I.K, 2001, Lewis Publisher, page: 61-76
30- Lindsay, W.F, solubility & redox equilibrium of iron compounds in soils, in: Iron in soils &clay minerals, Wstachi. Y, Goodman .B.A, & V. Schwertmann , published in cooperation with NATO Scientific affairs division , page:37-60
31- Lucas, R.E & B.D .Knezek, 1972, Climatic & soil condition promoting micronutrients deficiency in plant, in: , Micronutrients in plant & soil, J.J. Morvedt, P.M. Giordano & W.L. Lindsay, 1972, SSSAJ.
32- Mackwaik, C.L, Crossl , & B.G. Bugbee, 2ool , Benefical Effects of humic acid on micro nutrients availability to wheat, SSSAJ : 65, page:1744-1750
33- Market, B, & K.Friese , 2000 , Trace element- Their distribution,&
effects in the environment, Elsevier science. Ltd.
34- Marshier, H, 1988, Mechanism of Mn acquisition by root from soil, in: Manganese in soil & plant, Kluwer, 1948, page: 191-201
35- McGowan, S, & N. T Basta, 2001, Heavy metals solubility & transport in soil contaminated by mining & smelting, in: Heavy metals release in soil, Magdi Selim, H., D. Sparks, 2001, CRC Press, page: 89-108
36- Morton, e.s, Evanc .c.v, Harbottle .G, & G.O. Estes, 2001, Pedogenic
fraction & bioavailability of Uranium& Thorium in naturally radioactive
spodosol, SSSAJ:65, page:1197-1203.
37- Morvedt, j.j, P.M. Giordano & W.L. Lindsay, 1972, Micronutrients in plant & soil, SSSAJ.
38- Odum, H., Wolcik. W, Pritchard. L, Ton. Jr.S, Delfino. J. J, Woycik. M, Zynski, S.L, Patel. J. D, Doherty. S.J , Stasik. J, 2000, Heavy metals in the environment, Lewis publisher.
39- Darker, D.R., Pedler .Y.F, 1997, Revaluating the free-ion activity model of trace element availability to higher plans, plant & soil , No:2 , Vol: 196.
40- Pezzarossa, B., & G. Petruzzeli, 2001, Selenium contamination in soil sorption & desorption process, in: Heavy metals release in soil, Magdi Selim, H., D. Sparks, 2001, CRC Press.
41- Qualls, R.G, & C.J. Richardson, 2000, Phosphorus enrichment affects litter decomposition , Immobilization &soil Microbial phosphorus in wet land mesocosms. SSSAJ: 64, page: 799-808.
42- Reisenauer., M.H., 1988, Determination of plant available soil Mn, in: manganese in soil & plant, Kluwer, 1948, page: 87-95
43- Reuter., D.j, A.M, & D.J. McFarlan, 1988, accurance, correction of Mn deficiency in plant, In: Manganese in soil & plant, Kluwer, 1948, page: 205-218.
44- Richmondy, B., 1988, Manganese redox reaction & organic interaction in soil, in: Manganese in soil & plant, Kluwer, 1948, page: 59-71
45- Robson, A.D, 1988, Mn in soil & plants, in: Manganese in soil & plant, Kluwer, 1948, page: 329-337
46- Rurvers. D, 1985, Trace element contamination of environment, Elsevier.
47- Sangakkara, U.R. & T. Higa, 2000, Kyusei natural Farming & effective microorganism for enhanced sustainable products in organic system, in: Proceedings 13th international IFOAM scientific conference, 2000, Alfaldi.t. Lockerets, U. Niggli.
48- Scheller, E., j. Frieller, 2000, Amino acids in soils, humus substances & soil microbial biomass, In: Proceedings 13th international IFOAM scientific conference, 2000, Alfaldi.t. Lockerets, U. Niggli.
49- Schlichting, E, & L.A. Sparrow, 1988, Distribution & amelioration of Mn toxicity soil, in: manganese in soil & plant, Kluwer, 1948, page: 277-288
50- Scullion, y., E. Philips, &S. Neal, 2000 , Earth worm population & their behavior in conventional & organic arable rotation , In: 14th IFOM organic world congress.
51- Shenker, M, Hadar .Y, &Y. Chen,1999, Kinrtics at iron complexing & metal exchange in solution by rhyzoferrin ,A fungal siderophore , SSSAJ:63, page:1681-1687
52- Shintani, M, & P. Tabora, 2000, Organic fertilizer managing banana residue with effect microorganism, in: Proceedings 13th international
IFOAM scientific conference, 2000, Alfaldi.t. Lockerets, U. Niggli.
53- Sibner-friebach, H, Hadar. Y, &Y. Chen, Interaction of iron chelating
agents with clay minerals , 2004, SSSAJ: 68, page:470-480.
54- Somarribas. O, 2000, Natrient value of citrus compost, in: 14th IFOM organic world congress.
55- Sutter, B, Ming .D.W, Clear field .A, & L.R Hosser , 2003, Mineralogical & chemical characterization of iron-manganese & copper-containing synethic hydroxy apatite. SSSAJ: 67, page: 1935-1942
56- Strawn, D.G, & Sparks .D.L, 2004, Effect of soil organic Matter on kinetic & mechanism of pb(II) sorption & desorption in soil , SSSAJ: 64, page: 144-156
57- Saen.Y.Y, Zone. E, Tou. s.J, Allen H.H, 2001, Determination of metals retention & release form soils, in: Environmental restoration of lead metals contaminated soil, Iskandar. I.K, 2001, Lewis publisher, page: 77-92
58- Trostel, S.L, Bloom. P.R &D.L. Allan, 2ool, HEDTA nitrification acid
chelation buffered nutrient solution for zinc deficiency evaluation in rice , SSSAJ :65, page:358-390
59- Tsadilas. C.D, 2004, soil pH Effect on the distribution of heavy metals
among soil fraction , in: Environmental restoration of lead metals contaminated soil, Iskandar. I.K, 2001, Lewis publisher, page: 107-120
60-Van Stempvoort , Molson .Y.W , Lesage . S, & S. Brown, 2000, Sorption of aqueous humic acid to test aquifer material & implication for subsurface remediation, in: Substances , Versatile component of plant , soil& water, Royal society chemistry , 2000, Ghabbour , E .A, & G.Davies, page: 153-164
61-Von Willert , F.J, & Stehouwer, 2003, Compost , limestone &Gypsum effect on calcium & aluminum transport in acidic minsoil, SSSAJ: 67, page:955-962
.