فهرست و منابع پایان نامه مقایسه بی اشتیاقی اخلاقی، راهبردهای خود ارتقایی و خود حفاظتی و انتظارات پیامد در افراد وابسته به مواد و افراد عادی
فهرست:
ندارد.
منبع:
منابع فارسی
ابوالقاسمی، عباس؛ نریمانی، محمد؛یوسفی،حدیث. 1392. تاثیر آموزش خودکنترلی بر بهزیستی هیجانی و پیشگیری از عود افراد معتاد،پایان نامه دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی.
احساس منش، مجتبی؛ بخشی پور، علی؛ قلعه بندی، محمد؛ فاطمه، قطبی؛ مرتضی، محمدخانی. 1382. اعتیاد و راههای پیشگیری از آن، تهران، وزارت بهداشت و آموزش پزشکی.
احسانمنش، مجتبی؛ کریمی کیسمی، عیسی. 1378. نگاهی به تاریخچه و برخی از پژوهشهای انجام گرفته در زمینه اعتیاد در ایران، اندیشه و رفتار، شماره 3، صص 17-1.
اسعدی، سید حسن. 1376. دو مشکل جهانی: فزونی جمعیت و مواد مخدر در آستانه قرن بیست و یکم. نشر سپهر، صفحات 127-138.
اصغری، اکرم، پورشهباز، عباس، فرهودیان، علی. 1389. ابعاد شخصیتی اثر گذار در عود سوء مصرف مواد در وابستگان به مواد افیونی تحت درمان نگهدارنده با متادون. فصلنامه اعتیاد پژوهی سوء مصرف مواد، 5 (19)،7-20
انجمن روانپزشکی امریکا. 2000. متن تجدید نظر شده راهنمای تشخیصی و آماری اختلالهای روانی، ترجمه نیکخو و آوادیس یانس، 1381، چاپ اول، تهران، انتشارات سخن، صص 450-307.
انجمن روانپزشکی امریکا، 2013. راهنمای تشخیصی و آماری اختلالهای روانی پنج، ترجمه فرزین رضائی، 1393، چاپ اول، تهران.
بشرپور، سجاد. 1392. ارتباط آشفتگی، اظطرار مثبت و منفی، تنظیم هیجان و کنترل هوشمند با شدت وابستگی و ولع مصرف در افراد با وابستگی به مواد، طرح پژوهشی منتشر نشده، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی.
حاجلو،نادر؛ میکالی، نیلوفر؛ راستگو، شهریار. 1393. مقایسه مهارتهای ارتباطی، سازگاری اجتماعی و خود پنداره افراد معتاد و عادی. پایان نامه کارشناسی ارشد دانشگاه آزاد اردبیل.
دفتر مقابله با مواد مخدر و جرم سازمان ملل/ کمیته مستقل مبارزه با مواد مخدر؛ 2015.
سیاسی، علی اکبر، 1367. نظریههای شخصیت یا مکاتب روانشناسی، تهران، انتشارات دانشگاه تهران.
صرامی، حمید؛ قربانی، مجید؛ مینوئی، محمود، 1392. بررسی چهار دهه تحقیقات شیوع شناسی اعتیاد در ایران، تابستان؛ فصل نامه اعتیاد پژوهشی سود مصرف مواد، سال هفتم، شماره بیست و ششم، ص 1.
ضرابی، اصلان، 1359. ویژگیهای اعتیاد به مواد افیونی در ایران، بازتاب، نشریه روان شناسی و روانپزشکی(ویژه نامه اعتیاد)، شماره 3، صص 87-80.
کرین، ویلیام.1391. نظریه های رشد مفاهیم و کاربردها. مترجمان، خویی نژاد، غلامرضا؛ رجایی، علیرضا. تهران، رشد.
ممتازی، سعید، 1381. خانواده و اعتیاد. زنجان، انتشارات مهدیس.
ناصح، رامین، 1387. مهار اعتیاد نیازمند عزم ملی است، تهران، البرز فردانش، چاپ اول.
وزیریان، محسن؛ باقری یزدی، عباس؛ شمس علیزاده، نرگس؛ عابدین، علیرضا؛ مستشاری، گلاره. 1384. راهنمای پیشگیری و درمان سوء مصرف مواد(ویژه پزشکان)، تهران، نشر سلیمان، چاپ اول، ص 230.
هرگنهان، بی. آر؛ السون، متیو اچ، 1388. مقدمهای بر نظریههای یادگیری؛ ترجمه: علی اکبر سیف؛ انتشارات دوران؛ چهاردهم؛ روانشناسی
منابع انگلیسی
Aarons, G.A., Brown, S.A., Stice, E. & Coe, M.T. 2001. Psychometric evaluation of the marijuana and stimulant effect expectancyquestionnaires for adolescents. Addict Behaviour, 26, 219-236.
Aarons, G .A., Goldman, M. S., Greenbaum, P. E. & Coovert, M. D. 2003. Alcohol expectancies: integrating cognitive science and psychometric approaches. Addict Behav, 28, 947-61.
Abrams, D. & Hogg, M. 1988. Comments on the motivational status of selfesteem in social identity and intergroup discrimination. European Journal of Social Psychology, 18, 317–334.
Alicke, M. 1985. Global self-evaluation as determined by the desirability and controllability of trait adjectives. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 49, 1621–1630.
Alicke, M. 1999. Self-orientations in self and social judgment.Psychological Inquiry, 10, 35–39.
Alicke, M. & Govorun, O. 2005. The better-than-average effect. In M. D.
Alicke, M. & Govorun, O. 2011. The better-than-average effect. In M. D.
Alicke, D., A. Dunning. & J. I. Krueger (Eds.). The self in social judgment (pp. 85-106). New York, NY, Psychology Press.
Alicke, M. & Sedikides, C. 2005. Self-enhancement and self-protection: What they are and what they do. European Review of Social Psychology.
Alicke, M. & Sedikides, C. 2009. Self-enhancement and self-protection: What they are and what they do. European Review of Social Psychology. 20, 1–48.
Anderson, E. 1999. Code of the street: Decency, violence, and the moral life of the inner city. New York, Norton.
Anna, V., Wilkinson, Sanjay., Shete, Vandita., Vasudevan., Alexander, V., Prokhorov, Melissa, L., Bondy. & Margaret., R. Spitz. 2009. Influence of Subjective Social Status on the Relationship Between Positive Outcome Expectations and Experimentation with Cigarettes.
Aquino, K., Reed, A., Thau, S. & Freeman, D. 2007. A grotesque and dark beauty moral identity and mechanisms of moral disengagement influence cognitive and emotional reactions to war. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 43, 385-392.
Assessment of substance use and treatment implications for incarcerated teens. In, Eisenberg RM, Geller EB, eds. Proceedings from the 65th Annual Meeting of the College on Problems of Drug Dependence; 2003 Jun;Bal Harbour, FL, USA.
15. Baker, T., Piper, M., McCarthy, D., Majeskie, M. & Fiore, M. 2004. Addiction motivation reformulated: an affective processing model of negative reinforcement. Psychological Review, 111, 33–51.
Bandura , A. 1986. Social foundations of thought and action. Englewood Cliffs, NJ, assation.
Bandura , A., Barbaranelli , C., Caprara , G. V. & Pastorelli, C. 1996.
Bandura, A. 1977. Self-efficacy: toward a unifying theory of behavioral change. Psychol Rev. 84,191-215.
Brown, S., A. 1993. Drug effect expectancies and addictive behavior change, Exp Clin Psychopharmacol. 1:55-67.
Bandura, A. 1991. Social cognitive theory of moral thought and action, in” W. M.
Crocker, J. & Park, L. 2003. Seeking self-esteem: Construction, maintenance, and protection of self-worth. In M.
Leary & J. Tangney (Eds.), Handbook of self and identity (pp. 291-313). New York, NY: Guilford Press.
Bandura, A. 2002. Selective moral disengagement in the exercise of moral agency. Journal of Moral Education, 31, 101-119.
24. Bandura, A. 1997. Self-efficacy: The exercise of control, New York: W. H. Freemam.
Bandura, A., Barbaranelli, C. & Caprara, C. 1996. Mechanisms of moral disengagement in exercise of moral agency. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 71, 2. 364- 374.
Bandura, A., Barbaranelli, C., Caprara, G. V. & Pastorelli, C. 1996. Mechanisms of moral disengagement in the exercise of moral agency. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 71, 364-374.
Bandura, A. 1995. Multifaceted scale of mechanisms of moral disengagement. stanford university, standford, California, 94305-2130.
Alicke, M. & Sedikides, C. 2009. Self-enhancement and self-protection: What they are and what they do. European Review of Social Psychology. 20, 1–48.
Anderson, E. 1999. Code of the street: Decency, violence, and the moral life of the inner city. New York, Norton.
Anna, V., Wilkinson, Sanjay., Shete, Vandita., Vasudevan., Alexander, V., Prokhorov, Melissa, L., Bondy. & Margaret., R. Spitz. 2009. Influence of Subjective Social Status on the Relationship Between Positive Outcome Expectations and Experimentation with Cigarettes.
Aquino, K., Reed, A., Thau, S. & Freeman, D. 2007. A grotesque and dark beauty moral identity and mechanisms of moral disengagement influence cognitive and emotional reactions to war. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 43, 385-392.
Assessment of substance use and treatment implications for incarcerated teens. In, Eisenberg RM, Geller EB, eds. Proceedings from the 65th Annual Meeting of the College on Problems of Drug Dependence; 2003 Jun;Bal Harbour, FL, USA.
33. Baker, T., Piper, M., McCarthy, D., Majeskie, M. & Fiore, M. 2004. Addiction motivation reformulated: an affective processing model of negative reinforcement. Psychological Review, 111, 33–51.
Bandura , A. 1986. Social foundations of thought and action. Englewood Cliffs, NJ, assation.
Bandura , A., Barbaranelli , C., Caprara , G. V. & Pastorelli, C. 1996.
Bandura, A. 1977. Self-efficacy: toward a unifying theory of behavioral change. Psychol Rev. 84,191-215.
Brown, S., A. 1993. Drug effect expectancies and addictive behavior change, Exp Clin Psychopharmacol. 1:55-67.
Bandura, A. 1991. Social cognitive theory of moral thought and action, in” W. M.
Crocker, J. & Park, L. 2003. Seeking self-esteem: Construction, maintenance, and protection of self-worth. In M.
Leary & J. Tangney (Eds.), Handbook of self and identity (pp. 291-313). New York, NY: Guilford Press.
Bandura, A. 2002. Selective moral disengagement in the exercise of moral agency. Journal of Moral Education, 31, 101-119.
42. Bandura, A. 1997. Self-efficacy: The exercise of control, New York: W. H. Freemam.
Bandura, A., Barbaranelli, C. & Caprara, C. 1996. Mechanisms of moral disengagement in exercise of moral agency. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 71, 2. 364- 374.
Bandura, A., Barbaranelli, C., Caprara, G. V. & Pastorelli, C. 1996. Mechanisms of moral disengagement in the exercise of moral agency. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 71, 364-374.
Bandura, A. 1995. Multifaceted scale of mechanisms of moral disengagement. stanford university, standford, California, 94305-2130.
Baumeister, R. F. 1998. The self. In D. T. Gilbert, S. T. Fiske, & G. Lindzey (Eds.), Handbook of social psychology (4th ed., pp. 680-740). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.
Baumeister, R. F., Campbell, J. D., Krueger, J. I. & Vohs, K. D. 2003. Does high self-esteem cause better performance, interpersonal success, happiness, or healthier lifestyles? Psychological Science in the Public Interest, 4, 1–44.
Bhat., Anita A,. Darren A., Dewalt, Catherine R., Zimmer, Bruce J., Fried, Leigh & F.Callah. 2009. The role of helplessness, outcome Expectation for exercise and literally?? In Predicting disability and sym Ptoms in older adults with arthritis. Elsevier Patient Education and Counseling.
Blaine, B. & Crocker, J. 1993. Self-esteem and self-serving biases in reactions to positive and negative events: An integrative review. In R. F. Baumeister (Ed.), Self-esteem: The puzzle of low self-regard (pp. 55–85). New York, Plenum Press.
Blatt, M. & Kohlberg, L. 1975. Effects of classroom moral discussions upon children’s levels of moral judgment. Journal of Moral Education, 4, 129-162.
Bolles RC. Reinforcement, expectancy, and learning. Psychol Rev. 1972. 79,394-409.
Brewer, M. B. 1979. In-group bias in the minimal intergroup situation: A cognitive-motivational analysis .Psychological Bulletin, 86, 307–324.
Brown, J. D. 1990. Evaluating one’s abilities: Shortcuts and stumbling blocks on the road to self-knowledge. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 26, 149–167.
54. Bruyn, E. H., Dekovi, M. & Meijnen, G. W. 2003. Parenting, goal orientations, classroom behavior, and school success in early adolescence. Journal of pplied developmental psychology, 24(4), 393-412.
Bushman, B. & Baumeister, R. 1998. Threatened egotism, narcissism, self-esteem, and direct and displaced aggression:Does self-love or self-hate lead to violence? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 75, 219–229.
Campbell, W. K. 1999. Narcissism and romantic attraction. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 77, 1254–1270.
Campbell, W. K. & Sedikides, C. 1999. Self-threat magnifies the self-serving bias: A meta-analytic integration. Review of General Psychology, 3, 23–43.
Campbell, W. K., Reeder, G., Sedikides, C. & Elliot, A. 2000. Narcissism and comparative self-enhancement strategies.Journal of Research in Personality, 34, 329–347.
Cialdini, R. B., Borden, R. J., Thorne, A., Walker, M. R., Freeman, S. & Sloan, L. R. 1976. Basking in reflected glory: Three (football) field studies. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 34, 366–375.
60. Ciccocioppo, R. 1999. The role of serotonine in craving: From basic research to human studies. Alcohol and Alcoholism, 34, 244-253.
Colby,A., Kohlberg,L., Speicher,B., Hewer, A., CAndee, D., Gibbs, J. & Power, C. 1987.The measurement of moral judgment (vol.II). Cambridge, England: Cambridge University press.
Colby,A.,Kohlberg, L. & Kauffman,K. 1987. Theoretical introduction to the measurement of moral judgment. In A. Colby and Kohlberg, The measurement of moral judgment(vol.I). Cambridge, England: Cambridge University press.
Crocker, J. & Park, L. 2003. Seeking self-esteem: Construction, maintenance, and protection of self-worth. In M. Leary & J. Tangney (Eds.), Handbook of self and identity (pp. 291–313). New York, Guilford Press.
Crocker, J., Thompson, L. L., McGraw, K. M. & Ingerman, C. 1987. Downward comparison, prejudice, and evaluations of others: Effects of self-esteem and threat. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 52, 907–916.
Darkes, J. & Goldman MS. 1993. Expectancy challenge and drinking reduction: experimental evidence for a mediational process. J Consult Clin Psychol. 61,344-53.
Darkes, J., Greenbaum, P.E. & Goldman, M. S. 2004. Alcohol expectancy mediation of biopsychosocial risk: complex patterns of mediation. Exp Clin Psychopharmacol. 12, 27-38.
David, L.vogel., Stephen, R. & wester. 2005. the role of outcome expectation and attitude on decisim to seek professional help.vol 52,no.4,459-470.
deficiencies of delinquent and nondeliquent students. Evaluation Review, 24, 291-312.
delinquent behavior during early adolescence: Emerging relations and implications for intervention strategies. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 31, 362-488.
development. San Francisco: Harper & Row.development. Vol 1. Theory (pp. 35-104). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Delta Kappan, 56, 670-677.
71. Diefenbach, M. A. & Leventhal, H. 1996. The commonsense model of illness representation: Theoretical and practical considerations, J Social Distress and the Homless, 5, 11-38.
Ditto, P. H. & Boardman, A. F. 1995. Perceived accuracy of favorable and unfavorable psychological feedback. Basic and Applied Social Psychology, 16, 137–157.
Ditto, P. H. & Lopez, D. F. 1992. Motivated skepticism: Use of differential decision criteria for preferred and nonpreferred conclusions.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 63, 568–584.
Dolly, Chugh., Zhum Zhu., Sujin, Lee., Mary, C. & Kern. 2014. Withstanding moral disengagement: Attachment security as an ethical intervention.
Dunning, D., Leuenberger, A. & Sherman, D. 1995. A new look at motivated inference: Are self-serving theories of success a product of motivational forces? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 69, 58–68.
Dunning, D., Perie, M. & Story, A. 1991. Self-serving prototypes of social categories. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 61, 957–968.
Erica, g., hepper., Richard, h., gramzow., Constantine. & sedikides. 2010.individual difference in self-enhancement and self-pretection strategies:an integrative analysis. journal of personality.78,781-814.
expectations in older adults: The muitidimen sional outcome expactations for exercise scale. Journal of Gerontology, Psychological sciences, 64,33-40.
Fein, S. & Spencer, S. 1997. Prejudice as self-image maintenance: Affirming the self through derogating others. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 73, 31–44.
Ferrari, J. & Tice, D. 2000. Procrastination as a self-handicap for men and women: A task-avoidance strategy in a laboratory setting.Journal of Research in Personality, 34, 73–83.
Fromme, K., Katz, E. & Rivet, R. 1997. “Outcome Expectancies and Risk-Taking Behavior,” Cognitive Therapy and Research, 21, 421-442.
Galen, L.W. & Henderson, M.J. 1999.Validation of cocaineand marijuana effect expectancies in a treatment setting. Addict Behav.24,719-24.
Gilbert, H.M. & Warburton, D.M. 2003. Attribution and the effects of expectancy: how beliefs can influence the experiences of smoking cessation. Addict Behav. 28,1359-69.
Gilligan, C. 1982. In a different voice. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University press.
Gilligan, C. 1977. In a different voice: Women’s conceptions of self and morality. Harvard Educational Review, 47, 481-517.
86. Glantz, M. D. & Pickens. R. W. 1992. Vulnerability to drug abuse Introduction and overview. In M. D. Glantz & R. Pickens (Eds), Vulnerability to drug abuse Washington, DC: American Psychologist Association, 1-14.
Gramzow, R. H., Elliot, A. J., Asher, E. & McGregor, H. A. 2003. Self-evaluation bias and academic performance: Some ways and some reasons why. Journal of Research in Personality, 37, 41–61.
Greenwald, A. G. 1980. The totalitarian ego: Fabrication and revision of personal history. American Psychologist, 35, 603–618.
Greenwald, A. G. 2002. Constructs in student ratings of instructors. In H. I. Braun & D. N. Douglas (Eds.),The role of constructs in psychological and educational measurement (pp. 277–297). Mahwah, NJ, Erlbaum.
Haan, N., Smith, M. B. & Block, J. 1968. Moral reasoning of young adults; political-social behavior, family background, and personality correlates. Journal of Personality and social psychology, 10, 183-201.
Hans, Onya., Leif, edvard. & Sylvester, N.MADV. 2009. Social outcome expectations regarding delayed Sexual debut amang adole scents in Mankweng, South Africa. Scandinavian Journal of public Health, 37(Suppl2), 92-100
Heimpel, S. A., Elliot, A. J. & Wood, J. V. 2006. Basic personality dispositions, self-esteem, and personal goals: An approach-avoidance analysis. Journal of Personality, 74, 1293–1319.
Hepper, E. G., Gramzow, R. H. & Sedikides, C. 2010. Individual differences in self-enhancement and self-protection strategies: An integrative analysis. Journal of Personality, 78, 781-814.
Higgins, E. T. 1998. Promotion and prevention: Regulatory focus as a motivational principle. In M. P. Zanna (Ed.), Advances in experimental social psychology(Vol. 30, pp. 1–46). New York, Academic Press.
Hirschi, T. 1969. Causes of delinquency. Berkeley: University of California.
Horton, R. S. & Sedikides, C. 2009. Narcissistic responding to ego threat: When the status of the evaluator matters. Journal of Personality, 77, 1493–1525.
Hyman, S. E. & Malenka, R. C. 2001. Addiction and the brain: the neurobiology of compulsion and its persistence. National Reviews of Neuroscience, 2, 695–703.
In R. P., Abelson, E., Aronson, W. J., McGuire, T. M., Newcomb, M. J. & Rosenberg, P. H. Tannenbaum (Eds.), Theories of cognitive consistency: A sourcebook (pp. 599–608). Chicago, Rand McNally.
Jessica., astiley. & carroll. 2009.Impact of moraljudgment and moral disengagement .on rapesupportive attitudde in college males.
John, O. P. & Robins, R. W. 1994. Accuracy and bias in self-perception: Individual differences in self-enhancement and the role of narcissism.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 66, 206–219.
Keniston, K. 1971.The perils of principle. In Keniston, K. Youth and dissent. San Diego, CA, Harcourt Brace Jovanovich.
Kohlberg, L. 1958. Global Rating Guide with new materials. School of Education, Harvard University,
Kohlberg, L. 1978. The cognitive-developmental approach to moral education.
Kohlberg, L. 1984. Essays on moral development. Vol. 2. The psychology of moral identity (pp. 291-313). New York, NY, Guilford Press.
Kohlberg, L. 1958. Global Rating Guide with new materials, school of education, Harvard university.
Kohlberg, L. 1976. Moral stages and moralization: The cognitive-developmental approach. In T.Lickona (Ed.), Moral development and behavior: Theory, research, and social issues. New York, Holt, Rinehart and Winston.
Kohlberg, L., Kauffman, K. Scharf, P. & Hickey, J. 1975. The just community approach to corrections: A theory. Journal of moral Education, 4, 243-260.
Kohlberg ,L. 1963. The development of children’s orientations toward a moral order. I. Sequence in development of moral thought. Human Development, 6, 11-33.
Kruglanski, A. W. 1989. Lay epistemics and human knowledge: Cognitive and motivational biases. New York, NY, Plenum Press.
Kruglanski, A. W. 1989.Lay epistemics and human knowledge: Cognitive and motivational biases. New York, Plenum Press.
Kumashiro, M. & Sedikides, C. 2005. Taking on board liability-focused feedback: Close positive relationships as a self-bolstering resource. Psychological Science, 16, 732–739.
Kunda, Z. 1990. The case for motivated reasoning. Psychological Bulletin, 108, 480-498.
Kurtines, J.L.& Gewirtz. 1990. Handbook of Moral Behavior and Development: theory, research and applications, Vol. 1, pp.71-129, Hillsdale, NJ, Erlbaum.
Langer, E. 1975. The illusion of control. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 32, 311–328.
Laura, J. Solomon., Janice, Y. Bunn., Phyllis, L. Pirie., John, K., Worden & Brian, S. Flynn. 2006. Self-efficacy and outcome expectations for quitting among adolescent smoker. 10.1016/j.addbeh.2005.08.001.
Lauritsen, J. L., Sampson , R. J. & Laub, J.H. 1991. The link between offending and Journal of Moral Education, 31, 101-119.
Leary, M. & Kowalski, R. M. 1990. Impression management: A literature review and two-component model. Psychological Bulletin, 107, 34–47.
Leary, M. & Kowalski, R. M. 1990. Impression management: A literature review and two-component model. Psychological Bulletin, 107, 34–47.
Leigh, B. C & Stacy, A.W. , 2004. Alcohol expectancies and drinking in different age groups. Addiction, 99, 215-27.
Luke, w.hyde., Daniel, s.shaw., Kristin, L. & mailanen.2010. developmental precursors of moral disengagement and the role of moral disengagement in the development of antisocial behavior,38(2),197-209.
Mark, D., Bishop, P.T., Paul., Mintken, P.T., Joel, E., Bialosky, PT., Joshua, A. & Cleland, P.T. 2013. Patient Expectations of Benefit From Interventions for Neck Pain and Resulting Influence on Outcomes.
Rosemeri, Siqueira. Pedroso., Margareth, da. Silva. Oliveira., Renata, Brasil. Araujo., Maria, da. Graça. Castro. & Wilson, Vieira. Melo. 2006. Theory of Addiction, Robert West with Ainsley Hardy, University College London.
Marlatt, A. & Gordon, J. 1993. Prevenção da recaída: estratégia e manutenção no tratamento de comportamentos aditivos. Porto Alegre: Artes Medicas.
Marlatt, G.A. & Rohsenow, D.J. 1993. Cognitive processes in alcohol use: expectancy and the balanced placebo design. In: Mello NK, ed. Advances insubstance abuse. Greenwich: JAI Press. P, 159-99.
Martin, A. J., Marsh, H. W. & Debus, R. L. 2001. Self-handicapping and defensive pessimism: Exploring a model of predictors and outcomes from a self-protection perspective. Journal of Educational Psychology, 93, 87–102.
Martin, A. J., Marsh, H. W. & Debus, R. L. 2001. Self-handicapping and defensive pessimism: Exploring a model of predictors and outcomes from a self-protection perspective. Journal of Educational Psychology, 93, 87–102.
Martin, A. J., Marsh, H. W. & Debus, R. L. 2001. Self-handicapping and defensive pessimism: Exploring a model of predictors and outcomes from a self-protection perspective. Journal of Educational Psychology, 93, 87–102.
McAlister, A. L. 2001. Moral disengagement: Measurement and modification. of Peace Journal Research, 38, 87-99.
129. McAndrew, L. M., Musumeci-Szabo, T. J., Mora, P. A., Vileikyte, L., Burns, E. & Halm, E .A. 2008. Using the common sense model to design interventions for the prevention and management of chronic illness threats: from description to process, Br J Health Psychol, 13(Pt 2), 195-204.
Mechanisms of moral disengagement in the exercise of moral agency.2006. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 71, 364-374.
Mezulis, A. H., Abramson, L. Y., Hyde, J. S. & Hankin, B. L. 2004. Is there a universal positive bias in attributions? A meta-analytic review of individual, developmental, and cultural differences in the self-serving attributional bias.Psychological Bulletin, 130, 711–747.
132. Mokri, A. 2002. Brief overview of the status of drug abuse in Iran. Archives of Iranian Medicine, 5, 184-190.
Molden, D. C. & Higgins, E. T. 2008. How preferences for eager versus vigilant judgment strategies affect self-serving conclusions. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 44, 1219–1228.
Moore, C. 2008. Moral disengagement in processes of organizational corruption. Journal of Business Ethics, 80, 1, 129-139.
Moore, C. 2008. Moral disengagement in processes of organizational corruption. Journal ofBusiness Ethics, 80, 1, 129-139.
Motivation: From the laboratory to an evolutionary context. Journal of Cultural and Evolutionary Psychology, 2, 61-79.
Murray, S. L. 1999. The quest for conviction: Motivated cognition in romantic relationships. Psychological Inquiry, 10, 23–34.
Nesselroade, K. P., Beggan, J. K. & Allison, S. T. 1999. Possession enhancement in an interpersonal context: An extension of the mere ownership effect. Psychology and Marketing, 16, 21–34.
O’Mara, E. M., Gaertner L., Sedikides, C., Zhou, X . & Liu Y. 2012. A longitudinal-experimental test of the panculturality of self-enhancement: Self-enhancement promotes psychological well-being both in the west and the east, Journal of Research in Personality, 46, 157–163.
140. Oakley, S. 1972. Drags, society and human behavior, Saint Louise. The C. V. Mosby Company.
Oei, T.P. & Morawska, A. 2004. A cognitive model ofbinge drinking: the influence of alcohol expectancies and drinking refusal self-efficacy. Addict Behav. 29,159-79.
Oliveira, M.S. & Werlang, B.G. 1993. Inventário de expectativas e crenças pessoais acerca do álcool (IECPA) - Versão brasileira adaptada. São Paulo: Casado Psicólogo.
Paciello, M., Fida, R., Tramontano, C., Lupinetti, C. & Caprara, G. V. 2008. Stability and change of moral disengagement and its impact on aggression and violence in late adolescence. Child Development, 79 (5), 1288-1309.
Paul, s., Lieer, yael., efreom-Lieber. & christopher rate. 2010.moral disengagaement: exploring support mechanism for violent extremism among young egyptian males.
Pedroso, R.S., Oliveira, M.S. & Moraes, J.F.2004. Desenvolvimento e validação do Marijuana Expectancy Questionnaire (MEQ - Adaptação Brasileira). Cad Saude Publica.. No prelo.
146. Pennebacker, J. W. 1982. The psychology of physical symptoms. New York, Springer.
Piaget, J. 1932. The moral judgment of the child (M.Gabain, trans.). New York, International.
Prinz, R. J. & Kerns, S.E.U. 2003 . Early substance abuse by juvenile offenders.
Pronin, E. & Kugler, M. B. 2007. Valuing thoughts, ignoring behavior: The introspection illusion as a source of the bias blind spot.Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 43, 565–578.
Pronin, E., Gilovich, T. & Ross, L. 2004. Objectivity in the eye of the beholder: Divergent perceptions of bias in self versus others.Psychological Review, 111, 781–799.
protection of self-worth. In M. Leary. & J. Tangney (Eds.), Handbook of self and Psychiatry and Human Development, 33, 263-277.
Rest, J. 1983. Morality. In P.H. Mussen (En.), Handbook of child psychology(4th ed.) (vol.III,I.H. flavell and E. M. Markman, Eds.). New York, John Wiley.
Rest,J. 1973. The hicrarchical nature of moral judgment:the study of patterns of preference and comprehension of moral judgments made by others. Journal of personality,41, 86-109.
Rhodewalt, F. & Morf, C. 1995. Self and interpersonal correlates of the Narcissistic Personality Inventory: A review and new findings.Journal of Research in Personality, 29, 1–23.
Rhodewalt, F., Morf, C., Hazlett, S. & Fairfield, M. 1991. Self-handicapping: The role of discounting and augmentation in the preservation of self-esteem. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 61, 122–131.
Rhonda., turner,m.a. 2003. moral disengagment as a pridector of bollying and aggression: are there gender differences?
Richardson, H. M. 1939. Studies of mental resemblance between husbands and wives and between friends.Psychological Bulletin, 36, 104–120.
158. Ryan, R. M, Deci, E. L. 2000. Intrinsic and extrinsic motivations: classic definitions and new directions, Contemporary Educational psychology, 25: 54-67.
SAMHSA. 2011. Substance Abuse and Mental Health services Administration. Results from the 2010 National survey on Dtug use and Health, national finding.
Sanitioso, R. & Wlodarski, R. 2004. In search of information that confirms a desired self perception: Motivated processing of social feedback and choice of social interactions.Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 30, 412–422.
Sanna, L. J., Chang, E. C. & Meier, S. 2001. Counterfactual thinking and selfmotives.Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 27, 1023–1034.
Schafer, J. & Brown, S. A.1991. Marijuana and cocaine effect expectancies and drug use patterns. J Consult Clin Psychol. 59:558-65.
Schafer, J. & Brown, S. A. Marijuana Expectancy Questionnaire (MEQ). 1994.
Schukit,M. A. & kelley. 2006.comorbidity between substance use disorders and psychiatric conditions. Addiction,101-211,76-88.
Sedikides, C. 1993. Assessment, enhancement, and verification determinants of the self-evaluation process. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 65, 317–338.
Sedikides, C. & Green, J. D. 2000. On the self-protective nature of inconsistency/ negativity management: Using the person memory paradigm to examine self-referent memory. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 79, 906–922.
Sedikides, C. & Gregg, A. P. 2003. Portraits of the self. In M. A. Hogg & J. Cooper (Eds.),Sage handbook of social psychology (pp. 110–138). London: Sage.
Sedikides, C. & Gregg, A. P. 2008. Self-enhancement: Food for thought.Perspectives on Psychological Science, 3, 102–116.
Sedikides, C. & Skowronski, J. 2000. On the evolutionary functions of the symbolic self: The emergence of self-evaluation motives. In A. Tesser, R. Felson, & J. Suls (Eds.),Psychological perspectives on self and identity (pp. 91–117). Washington, DC: APA Books.
Sedikides, C. & Skowronski, J. A. 1997. The symbolic self in evolutionary context.Personality and Social Psychology Review, 1, 80–102.
Sedikides, C., Gaertner, L. & Toguchi, Y. 2003. Pancultural self-enhancement. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 84, 60-70.
Sedikides, C., Green, J. D. & Pinter, B. 2004. Self-protective memory. In D. R. Beike, J. M. Lampinen, & D. A. Behrend (Eds.), The self and memory (pp. 161-179). Philadelphia, PA: Psychology Press.
Sedikides, C., Rudich, E. A., Gregg, A. P., Kumashiro, M. & Rusbult, C. 2004. Are normal narcissists psychologically healthy? Self-esteem matters.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 87, 400–416.
Sedikides, C., Skowronski, J. & Gaertner, L. 2004. Self-enhancement and selfprotection motivation: From the laboratory to an evolutionary context.Journal of Cultural and Evolutionary Psychology, 2, 61–79.
Selman, R. K. 1976. Social-cognitive understanding: A guide to educational and clinical practice. In T. Lickona (Ed.), Moral development and behavior. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston.
Sheldon, K. M., Elliot, A. J., Kim, Y. & Kasser, T. 2001. What’s satisfying about satisfying events? Comparing ten candidate psychological needs.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 80, 325–339.
Sherman, D. K. & Cohen, G. L. 2006. The psychology of self-defense: Selfaffirmation theory. In M. P. Zanna (Ed.),Advances in experimental social psychology(Vol. 38, pp. 183–242). San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
Sherman, D. K. & Cohen, G. L. 2006. The psychology of self-defense: Selfaffirmation theory. In M. P. Zanna (Ed.),Advances in experimental social psychology(Vol. 38, pp. 183–242). San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
179. Shin, H., Shin, J., Liu, P.Y., Dutton, G. R. & Abood, D. A. 2011. Self- efficacy improve weight loss in overweight/Obese pos- tmenopausal women during a 6 month weigh loss Inte- rvention, Nutr Res, 31: 822-8.
Showers, C. 1992. Compartmentalization of positive and negative self-knowledge: Keeping bad apples out of the bunch.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 62, 1036–1049.
Snyder, H. 2005, August. Juvenile arrests 2003. Juvenile Justice Bulletin, 1-12.
182. Spencer, C. & Agahi, C. 1991. Drug and Iran after the Islamic revolution: Prophesying the next quarter century, The International Journal of Addiction, 2,: 171-179.
Steele, C. 1988. The psychology of self-affirmation: Sustaining the integrity of the self. In L. Berkowitz (Ed.), Advances in experimental social psychology (Vol. 21, pp. 261–302). San Diego, CA, Academic Press.
Steele, C., Spencer, S. & Lynch, M. 1993. Self-image resilience and dissonance: The role of affirmational resources.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 64, 885–896.
Suls, J. & Wan, C. 1987. In search of the false-uniqueness phenomenon: Fear and estimates of social consensus.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 52, 211–217.
Tawakoli, Ghuchani. H., Shojaei Zadeh, D. & Mazloum, S. R.2010. Comparative Study of Factors Associated with Addiction Withdrawal in Clients Referring to Drug-Stop Clinics of Northern khorasan in 2007. Journal of Ilam Medical University, 2(63), 32-43.
Taylor, S. E. & Brown, J. 1988. Illusion and well-being: A social psychological perspective on mental health.Psychological Bulletin, 103, 193–210.
Taylor, S. E. & Crocker, J. 1981. Schematic bases of social information processing. In E. T. Higgins, C. P. Herman, & M. P. Zanna (Eds.),Social cognition: The Ontario Symposium (Vol. 1, pp. 89–134). Hillsdale, NJ, Erlbaum.
Tesser, A. 1988. Toward a self-evaluation maintenance model of social behavior. In L. Berkowitz (Ed.),Advances in experimental social psychology (Vol. 21, pp. 181–227). San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
Tesser, A. & Paulhus, D. 1983. The definition of self: Private and public selfevaluation management strategies.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 44, 672–682.
Tesser, A., Crepaz, N., Beach, S., Cornell, D. & Collins, J. 2000. Confluence of self-esteem regulation mechanisms: On integrating the self-zoo.Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 26, 1476–1489.
Tice, D. 1991. Esteem protection or enhancement? Self-handicapping motives and attributions differ by trait self-esteem.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 60, 711–725.
Tolman, E. C. 1932. Purposive behavior in animals and man. New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts.
Twenge, J. & Campbell, W. 2003. Isn’t it fun to get the respect that we’re going to deserve? Narcissism, social rejection, and aggression.Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 29, 261–272.
Van Orden, K. A., & Joiner, T. E. Jr. 2006. The inner and outer turmoil of excessive reassurance seeking: From self-doubts to social rejection. In K. D.
Vasiljevic, M. & Viki, G. T. 2013. Dehumanization, moral disengagement and public attitudes to crime and punishment . In P. G. Bain, J. Vaes, & J. Phillipe (Eds), Humanness and dehumanization (pp. 129-146). Hoboken, NJ.
Taylor & Francis. 2014. The explicit and implicit outcome expectancies of Internet games and their relationships with Internet gaming behaviors among college students. 39, 246-355
.Shumeng, Hou., Xiaoyi, Fang.,Vohs & E. J. Finkel (2014.),Self and relationships: Connecting intrapersonal and interpersonal processes (pp. 104–129). New York: Guilford.
Walker, L.J. De., Vries, B. & Trevethan, s.D. 1987. Moral stages and moral orientations in real life and hypothetical dilemmas. Child development, 58, 842-858.
Walker, L.J. 1984. Sex differences in the development of moral reasoning: A critical review. Child Development, 55, 677-691.
Walker, R. & Stephens, R. S. 2014. Protective behavioral strategies mediate problem-focused coping and alcohol use in college students, Addictive Behaviors, 39 (6), 1033–1037.
Walker, W., Skowronski, J. & Thompson, C. 2003. Life is pleasant—and memory helps to keep it that way!Review of General Psychology, 7, 203–210.
Walker, W., Skowronski, J. & Thompson, C. 2003. Life is pleasant—and memory helps to keep it that way!Review of General Psychology, 7, 203–210.
Walster, E. & Berscheid, E. 1968. The effects of time on cognitive consistency.
Wang, X., Blomberg, T.G. & Li, S.D. 2005. Comparison of the educational
Washington, D.C.2003. Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention.
Weinstein, N. 1980. Unrealistic optimism about future life events.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 39, 806–820.
208. WHO. 1998. Information about Iran. For presentation at International Conference on Narcotics. Psychotropic drugs and smoking hazards for the generation, Istanbul, TURKY.
Why “Good” Followers Go “Bad”: The Power of Moral Disengagement Craig E. Johnson,2014. College of Business, Dol,10. 12806/ V13/ 14/c6. George Fox University.
210. Wigfield, A. & Eccles, J. S. 2000. Expectancy-value theory of achievement motivation, Contemporary Educational psychology, 25: 68-81.
Wills, T. 1981. Downward comparison principles in social psychology.Psychological Bulletin, 90, 245–271.
Wilson, A. E. & Ross, M. 2001. From chump to champ: People’s appraisals of their earlier and present selves. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 80, 572–584.
Wilson, A. E. & Ross, M. 2003. The identity function of autobiographical memory, Time is on our side.Memory, 11, 137–149.
Wojcicki, T.R., White, S.M. & MC Auley. 2009. Assessing outcome expectations in older adults: The muitidimen sional outcome expactations for exercise scale. Journal of Gerontology: Psychological sciences, 64, 33-40.
Yamaguchi, S., Greenwald, A. G., Banaji, M. R., Murakami, F., Chen, D., Shiomura, K., et al. 2007. Apparent universality of positive implicit self-esteem.Psychological Science, 18, 498–500.
Yamaguchi, S., Greenwald, A. G., Banaji, M. R., Murakami, F., Chen, D., Shiomura, K., Kobayashi, C., Cai, H. & Krendl, A. 2007. Apparent universality of positive implicit self-esteem. Psychological Science, 18, 498-500.
.